Palestinian-British architect Antoine Elias Raffoul was born in Nazareth, Palestine, in 1941. His family and he were expelled from Haifa, Palestine, on April 8, 1948, and settled in Tripoli, Lebanon, never allowed to return. He earned a Bachelor of Architecture from the University of Illinois, USA, practicing briefly in New York and eventually settling in London, UK, where he set up his own architectural firm until his retirement in 2012. He advocates for Palestine via the online platform www.1948.org.uk.